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They do relay control instructions from ATC in areas where flight service is the only facility with radio or phone coverage. Today's flight service stations do not issue control instructions, but provide pilots with many other flight related informational services. Over time, the AMRS morphed into flight service stations. Post Office began using techniques developed by the Army to direct and track the movements of reconnaissance aircraft. The first of several air mail radio stations (AMRS) was created in 1922 after World War I when the U.S. In the United States, air traffic control developed three divisions. It was commissioned on Februand provided basic traffic, weather and location information to pilots.

The 'aerodrome control tower' was a wooden hut 15 ft (4.6 m) high with windows on all four sides. In 1920, Croydon Airport, London, was the first airport in the world to introduce air traffic control. In practice, the native language for a region is used however, English must be used upon request. Pursuant to requirements of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), ATC operations are conducted either in the English language or the language used by the station on the ground. See also: Aeronautical phraseology and Aviation English The pilot in command is the final authority for the safe operation of the aircraft and may, in an emergency, deviate from ATC instructions to the extent required to maintain safe operation of their aircraft. Depending on the type of flight and the class of airspace, ATC may issue instructions that pilots are required to obey, or advisories (known as flight information in some countries) that pilots may, at their discretion, disregard. In many countries, ATC provides services to all private, military, and commercial aircraft operating within its airspace. To prevent collisions, ATC enforces traffic separation rules, which ensure each aircraft maintains a minimum amount of empty space around it at all times. Īir traffic controllers monitor the location of aircraft in their assigned airspace by radar and communicate with the pilots by radio.

The primary purpose of ATC worldwide is to prevent collisions, organize and expedite the flow of air traffic, and provide information and other support for pilots. Air traffic control tower of Mumbai International Airport (India)Īir traffic control ( ATC) is a service provided by ground-based air traffic controllers (also called control tower operators (CTO)) who direct aircraft on the ground and through a given section of controlled airspace, and can provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airspace.

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